Prevalence and Physical Environmental Conditions as Risk Factor for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Indonesia 2015

OBJECTIVE: The number of tuberculosis (TB) cases in Indonesia is currently very high, so the analysis is needed to describe the environmental conditions at risk of TB disease. The aim of the study was to look at the prevalence of pulmonary TB in 2013-2014 in Indonesia based on the area of residence of the respondents and to see the relationship between the environmental conditions of the prevalence of TB in Indonesia.

MATERIAL & METHODS: The Prevalence SPTB 2013-2014 was used cross-sectional design with national coverage. Sampling selection used multi-staged cluster sampling in the population aged 15 years and above. The analysis data used SPSS program; first analysis was used bivariate and continuing to multivariate analysis.

RESULT: Tb prevalence rate with bacteriological confirmed was 759 [95% CI: 590, 961] per 100,000 population in aged 15 years and above. The bivariable analysis shown those participant who live at house with floor <8m2/person [95% CI:1,053,1,710] and those participant who lived in house with kitchen was not separated from the main living area in the house [95% CI: 1,034,1,669], that was significant related with TB. In the multivariable model, the density characterized by family members with a floor surface <8m2/person [95% CI: 1,017,1,671]is at risk of developing TB.

CONCLUSION: This study shows that the effect of the physical environment of living in a crowded household can be a risk factor for TB transmission. The other factor might be influence of infection Tb in the community.