Assessing the Association between Diabetes, and Depression: A Study among Adults with type 2 Diabetes in Bangladesh

Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between diabetes, depression, and the risk of developing Depression, particularly Alzheimer's disease. The study aimed to understand the impact of these conditions on cognitive performance and to explore potential pathways linking diabetes to cognitive impairment. The study also aimed to examine the relationship between depression and Depression in the context of diabetes, and to understand the role of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and systemic inflammation in this relationship

Materials and Methods: This is a study to survey adult patients (age 18 and above) with type 2 diabetes, who are registered at a primary care clinic in an urban setting in Bangladesh. 200 patients was selected randomly from the sampling frame, who are stratified by age and gender. They will fill a structured questionnaire and self-report questionnaires such as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) and Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure (DSAM) to assess the presence and severity of depression, distress related to diabetes management and self-care behaviors related to diabetes management respectively. The study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University and venous blood samples was taken for plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and fibrinogen.

Results: This study shows that analyzed socio-demographic and health data for a group of 102 individuals, divided into two groups: those with depression and those without depression. The study found that there are statistically significant differences in some variables between the two groups, such as BMI, treatment of DM and HbA1c levels, but not in others like smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and duration of DM.

Conclusion: This research suggests that there is a strong association between diabetes, depression, and the risk of developing Depression. It was found that diabetes increases the risk of Depression, particularly Alzheimer's disease, and that depression also increases the risk of AD by twofold, as well as the risk of other forms of Depression. The relationship between depression and Depression is not well understood, but it is possible that depression may be a symptom of the presence of amyloid and tau signals in AD. It was recommended that both diabetes and depression should be diagnosed and treated early on, in order to mitigate the risk of developing Depression. Additionally, it is suggested that identifying and addressing depression in older adults may be an important strategy for preventing cognitive decline. The link between diabetes, depression, and Depression may be related to underlying factors such as inflammation and altered insulin pathways. Furthermore, the ratio between MPV/PLT ratio may be used as a diagnostic tool for IDA (Iron Deficiency Anemia) in the future.