Kolaviron an Active Biflavonoid of Garcinia kola Extract Prevent 1,2-dimethylhydrazine Induced Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation in the Initiation Phase of Colon Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats

Colon cancer is steadily increasing in Africa with high mortality and it is a pathological consequence of persistent oxidative stress. Kolaviron an active biflavonoid, has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-lipid peroxidation and chemopreventive properties. The present study was performed to evaluate the protective efficacy of Kolaviron against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Male wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 served as control, animals have access to water and the rodent feeds for 8 weeks plus 1mM EDTA-saline injection subcutaneous (s.c) once a week for 4 weeks. Group 2 rats served as kolaviron (KV) control received 100 mg/kg bodyweight of kolaviron per oral (p.o.) every day. Group 3 served as carcinogen control, received pellet diet and 30 mg/kg bodyweight of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) subcutaneous injection once a week for 4 weeks to induce colon carcinogenesis. Group 4 rats received DMH injection and kolaviron 100 mg/kg bodyweight. All rats were sacrifice at the end of 8 weeks (56 days) by cervical dislocation. Protective effects of kolaviron were assessed by using tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant status as end point markers. Prophylactic treatment with kolaviron 100 mg/kg b.w significantly ameliorates DMH induced oxidative damage by diminishing the tissue LPO accompanied by increase antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and non-enzymatic antioxidants reduced glutathione (GSH) antioxidant status. The results revealed that supplementation with kolaviron significantly reduced the formation of ACF in DMH treated rats. The data of the present study suggest that kolaviron effectively suppressed DMH induced colonic carcinogenesis by ameliorating ACF multiplicity, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation.